Hypertension (high blood pressure) in cats is almost always associated with either kidney disease, hyperthyroidism or certain heart diseases. (This is called secondary hypertension). Unlike humans, stress does not seem to be a factor in feline hypertension, and primary hypertension is rarely seen in cats. Although hypertension was uncommon in cats at one time, since cats are living longer today, it is seen more frequently than in previous years.
There are very few early non-clinical symptoms that the caregiver will notice. Older cats with kidney disease or hyperthyroidism obviously should be monitored regularly for indications of hypertension by a veterinarian. Advanced warning symptoms include:
- Rapid heart rate or murmur
- Dilated pupils that do not respond to light
- The appearance of blood in the eye chamber
- Sudden blindness
The veterinarian will listen to the heart for evidence of a murmur. An Ultrasonic Doppler Flow Detector is now available for monitoring feline blood pressure. Sudden blindness in an at-risk cat is an emergency, and a strong indication of feline hypertension.
- Regular monitoring of the cat's blood pressure
- Medication consistent with the underlying condition. There are presently no blood pressure drugs specifically for cats, although some veterinarians may prescribe lower dosages of human drugs. Amlodipine besylate(Norvasc) has been mentioned by some sources. It should be noted that Norvasc is a drug for humans, so caution should be used in off-label use for cats.
As with all other medical conditions common to cats, a thorough knowledge of your cat's normal condition, and an alert eye to any subtle changes are the keys to quick diagnosis and treatment of feline hypertension. Our cats lives are too precious to leave their health to chance.
Disclaimer: As with all medically-related articles, I must inform you that I am not a veterinarian. This article is not intended to be a definitive answer to any questions you might have about feline hypertension, but is meant to give you a starting place to do your own research so you can make an informed decision, should it ever become necessary.
